Allergy or anaphylaxis? This is the difference
Itching, a rash or a runny nose after eating peanuts? Then you probably have an allergy. But if your throat swells up and you can barely breathe anymore, it’s much more serious and we call it anaphylaxis. What exactly is the difference, and why do you really need to know this?
The difference between an allergy and anaphylaxis
An allergy is an exaggerated response from your immune system to a substance that is actually harmless. Think pollen, dust mites or nuts. Your body thinks: “Danger!”, and responds with symptoms such as sneezing, a skin rash, itching or swollen eyes. Annoying? Yes. Life-threatening? Usually not.
Anaphylaxis is an extreme allergic reaction in which your body completely panics. This can be life-threatening. Symptoms? Rapidly developing swelling (especially in your face and throat), breathing problems, falling blood pressure and even loss of consciousness. Without a rapid dose of adrenaline (via an EpiPen), it can be fatal.
How do you know if it’s serious?
With a mild allergy, you’ll probably suffer from itching, a rash, watery eyes or a serious bout of sneezing. Not pleasant, but not a disaster either. Does it go a step further and does your face swell up, do you become short of breath or feel light-headed? Then you really need to pay attention. But if someone suddenly can barely breathe, develops blue lips and is about to faint? Then it’s serious — anaphylaxis, which is life-threatening.
What should you do then? Don’t panic, but do act. Call 112, grab an EpiPen if one is available and administer it. Have the victim lie flat and keep their legs raised, unless breathing is difficult — in that case, sitting upright is better. In doubt? Don’t hesitate. It’s better to call for help once too often than to intervene too late.
Do you have a severe allergy? Always carry an EpiPen and check labels! Restaurants are required to list allergens, but always ask to be sure.
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Source: NTVG
